Supply Chain Management Reverse Logistics Essay

Introduction Reverse logistics has attracted significant attention in the recent past with regards to enhancing the effectiveness of supply chain management. As the name suggests, reverse logistics is described as the supply chain process that flows opposite the usual procedure of order, implementation and delivery (Hawks, 2006). In light of increased attention, reverse logistics has also been characterized by increased investments in technology, particularly software development, to enhance its systems. This has contributed to numerous benefits in the supply chain management process including recapturing, enhancement of supply chain processes and overall improvement of logistics. However, the increased technological investments have generated several challenges associated with reverse logistics and the environment. These challenges have also contributed to the emergence of several ethical challenges in relation to interruption of producers’ business. Definition and Key Aspects of Reverse Logistics Reverse logistics is basically defined as the processes of receiving defective products or unwanted materials in order to recapture or regain value or ensure proper disposal of the products or materials. Therefore, the operations of reverse logistics are largely dependent on reversing the supply chain management processes in order for businesses to correctly determine and classify returned goods for disposal. However, reverse logistics processes entail more than merelyShow MoreRelated Reverse Logistics as an Integral Part of Supply Chain Management2601 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction Most of us think of logistics as a one-way street. Products are manufactured, packaged, stored in a warehouse, sold, and then shipped off to the customer ... end of story. Yet for many logistics managers today, thats not the end of the story. In addition to managing outbound goods, they also are responsible for reverse logistics--the flow of returned goods and packaging, including customer service and final disposition of returned items. The need to manage waste materials andRead MoreSustainable Supply Chain986 Words   |  4 PagesSUSTAINABILITY Role of reverse logistics and closed-loop supply chain in sustainability Implementation Manufacturing Strategy | AbstractIn this interim report, motive for doing this topic has been discussed and further, the methodology which will be used to reach the conclusion is also been mentioned. Finally, expected takeaway are also been highlighted. Kuldeep Jain - 1401083 Term Paper – Interim Report | Role of reverse logistics and closed-loop supply chain in sustainability Implementation Read MoreReverse Logistics1277 Words   |  6 PagesReverse logistics and the return portion of the supply chain is often an overlooked and mismanaged process. Companies tend to focus their efforts on the forward portion of supply chain management, while failing to take advantage of the many opportunities that reverse logistics presents (Benton, 2007). What these companies do not realize is that the effective management of reverse logistics has the potential to make them more profitable, and to add value to many other parts of their supply chainRead MoreGlobal Supply Chain Management And Logistics Management1504 Words   |  7 PagesJaimini Patel 26th April,2016 Global Supply Chain Management means the sourcing and procurement, conversion and all logistics management activities through the planning and management of all activities. It’s also considers the co-ordination and collaboration with channel partners including suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service provides and customers across the world. Elements of the Global Supply Chain Management: Read MoreCase Study : Supply Chain Management943 Words   |  4 PagesWhen supply chain managers are brought together it is the common goal to focus on the process of getting the consumers product though the forward supply chain as quick and efficiently as possible. However, there is a need to focus on the scope of the returns process too. â€Å"Companies can no longer afford to treat reverse logistics management as an afterthought. It needs to be a core capability within the supply chain organization. For years, most shippers paid little attention to returns† (DowlatshahiRead MoreLogistics : Logistics And Distribution Of Physical Goods Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Source: Leeway Logistics, 2015 Logistics is considered as an operational process which includes activities such as storing, transporting and distribution of physical goods. E- Commerce has made a big change in logistics and distribution processes. Due to introduction of online purchases, way of handling materials have also been changed. Online retail industry is being expanded year to year. According to Goldman Sachs, Online Sales will reach $750B mark by 2016 with annual growthRead MoreReverse Logistics within a Supply Chain919 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction Should reverse logistics be labeled as the latest business trend? Should it be started on a company whim or in a half-measured capacity? Could focusing on reverse logistics magnify companies’ mistakes even more, or will it focus on the heart of manufacturing, distributors, wholesalers, or retailers profitability. If we look at using a scoring method, which would focus the measured capabilitiesRead MoreIs the term green logistics an oxymoron Essay1419 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Is the Term Green Logistics an Oxymoron Introduction Over recent years there has been increasingly more pressure from the public and the government on organisations to decrease the environmental impact of their logistics operations. The distribution of products impairs air quailty, produces noise and vibration, causes motor vechicle accidents and contributes significantly to global warming through greenhouse gas emmisions. The term ‘green logistics’ describes attempts by organisations to minimiseRead MoreEvaluating The Readiness For Organizations Abilities950 Words   |  4 Pagesorganizations is defined in Ocker’s body of work. Along with other concepts this was closely related to the integration management of supply chains. This review was fulfilled by Power, D, in which he explained the necessary measure that management officials muse take in order to effectively format viable solutions during the management of IT project instillations. Returns and recalls management was also a great topic that tackles some effe ctive steps to enhance the ability as far as acquisition of productsRead MoreA Note on Reverse Logistics1584 Words   |  6 PagesReverse logistics involves the reuse of products and materials. Unlike its logistics counterpart, reverse logistics involves relates to the use of materials from the point of consumption to the point of origin. Reverse logistics is particularly useful within the retail industry as consumers often return merchandise that doesnt meet customer specifications. In many of these instances, the company must have procedures in place to process returns in both a timely and orderly fashion. Reverse logistics

Case Study Of Hypertension Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(177) " Nicholas has now quit smoke Nursing Diagnosis Goals Interventions Rationale Evaluation Fatigue related to the effects of high blood pressure and the day-to-day life stressors\." A 55 twelvemonth old male named Nicholas Manners, is admitted to the ward for direction of his high blood pressure. Upon reaching, he appears rather ruddy in the face. He was referred to the exigency section by his GP as he was kicking of a concern and giddiness. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study Of Hypertension Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was stabilised and has been transferred to the ward for farther direction. He tells the nurse, he has had a concern for the last three yearss and has had really small slumber. Mr Manners is a Chief executive officer of an advertisement bureau and works long hours. Nicholas has two boies aged 15 A ; 17 and his married woman Lucy, who is really supportive. Lucy tells the nurse that Nick chows on the tally due to his busy agenda and frequently chows at eating houses when entertaining clients. Nick smokes 10-15 cigarettes/day and has had multiple efforts at discontinuing. He has a household history of coronary arteria disease, his male parent died of a bosom onslaught 5 old ages ago at the age of 75. Observations on admittance ; BP 160/90, SaO2 97 % on room air, Temp. 37.1, Pulse 95, RR 19 beats per minute, wt 90 kilogram, ht 170 centimeter, Nil Known Allergies ( Jennings, 2010 ) . Blood force per unit area refers to the measuring of force that is applied to the walls of the arterias as the bosom pumps blood through the organic structure. The force per unit area is determined by the force and the sum of blood pumped, and the size and flexibleness of the arterias. High blood force per unit area, besides known as Hypertension, is considered as above 120/80 mmHg ( PubMed Health, 2011 ) Pathophysiology Arterial blood force per unit area is a merchandise of cardiac end product and systemic vascular opposition. A alteration in the vascular wall thickness affects the elaboration of peripheral vascular opposition in hypertensive patients. This consequences in the contemplation of moving ridges back to the aorta and hence increasing the systolic blood force per unit area ( Medscape, 2011 ) . Although 90 % of high blood pressure instances, the cause is non truly known ( Moser, p.11 ) , harmonizing to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare ( AIHW ) , the causes of high blood force per unit area are both biomedical and lifestyle oriented. Major causes include ; being overweight, dietetic salt consumption, and nutrition forms which involve low consumption of fruit and veggies and an high consumption of saturated fat ( Australian Institue of Health and Welfare,2010 ) . Although most of the clip there are no marks and symptoms, such may happen ; confusion, ear noise or buzzing, wearin ess, concern, irregular pulse, epistaxis, vision alterations. These marks are known as marks of complication or perilously high blood force per unit area called malignant high blood pressure Nursing Appraisal As a patient is admitted to the infirmary, it is critical to execute a nursing appraisal on admittance to garner baseline readings of the patient. The Systems Approach Framework was used to buttockss Mr Nicholas Manners from caput to toe in a mode of subjective and nonsubjective informations. The classs used are as follows ; Central Nervous System, Cardiovascular System, Respiratory System, Gastrointestinal Tract, Renal System, Integumentary System and Metabolic System. CNS – patient is able to communicate-states he has a concern, assess motion of limbs, esthesis to fringes and trouble if any. CVS – HR 95, BP 160/90, assess capillary refill, patient is red in the face – assess circulation of the remainder of the organic structure including warmth and coloring material. RESP. – RR 19 beats per minute, SaO2 97 % on room air, auscultate his chest- listen for abnormalcies in the lungs as he is a tobacco user, measure his work of external respiration. GIT – farther buttocks appetency and eating wonts, auscultate for intestine sounds, buttocks and record intestine direction. RENAL – buttocks input and end product and record observations if needed, utilizing a unstable balance chart. INTEGUMENTARY – buttocks tegument for cicatrixs, waterlessness, integral and skin turgor. METABOLIC – buttocks Hb, BGL and liver map through a blood trial. Education and Psychosocial support Education and support that can be offered to Nicholas to help him in deriving more information and support for his Hypertension include: Dieticians which Nicholas can be referred to during his stay in infirmary, to educate him about a healthy diet and besides supply support. Social worker to supply support for Nicholas and his household if needed. Information brochures can be retreived from the infirmary, to educate Nicholas on Hypertension. Web sites such as Better Health Channel, Hypertension Education Foundation and the Heart Foundation, all provide instruction and information about support for patients about high blood pressure. Nursing Diagnosis Goals Interventions Rationale Evaluation Ineffective wellness care related to incapableness to change life style Short term: Introduce low-sodium and low fat nutrients into Nicholas ‘ diet Refer Nicholas to a dietitian for instruction of low-sodium and low-fat nutrients. To cut down the sum of high-fat nutrients Nicholas is devouring. Nicholas ‘ diet presently consists of less high-fat nutrients. Short term: Aim to cut down blood force per unit area readings to less than 150/80 by the following GP visit in a hebdomad. Teach Nicholas to take Nicholas ain blood force per unit area daily at place and record it. To brace Nicholas ‘ blood force per unit area at a lower degree. Nicholas ‘ blood force per unit area readings have now stabilised to a lower degree. Long term: Develop a regular exercising program for Nicholas to follow. Promote Nicholas to walk for an hr each twenty-four hours. To promote Nicholas to prosecute in a healthy life style. Nicholas participates in an hr of physical activity each twenty-four hours. Long term: Aim to discontinue smoke in the following 8-12 months. Refer Nicholas to back up plans such as ‘QUIT ‘ to back up and help Nicholas in discontinuing smoke. To cut down Nicholas ‘ hazard of holding blocked arterias and therefore increasing Nicholas blood force per unit area Nicholas has now quit smoke Nursing Diagnosis Goals Interventions Rationale Evaluation Fatigue related to the effects of high blood pressure and the day-to-day life stressors. Short term: Aim to command side effects such as weariness. Educate Nicholas on the side effects, to help him in commanding them. To help Nicholas in deriving cognition of the side effects and how to command them in instance they are experienced after discharge. Nicholas is able to command his small if any side effects experienced. Short term: Aim to keep a stable degree of fluids in the organic structure. Ensure Nicholas drinks plentifulness of H2O throughout the twenty-four hours. To maintain Nicholas hydrous and cut down weariness. Record amounts utilizing a unstable balance chart if needed Nicholas ‘ weariness degrees have decreased as he is imbibing plentifulness of H2O throughout the twenty-four hours. Long term: Reduce the emphasis degrees experienced throughout the twenty-four hours. Discuss emphasis cut downing methods applicable to Nicholas. To cut down the hazard of increasing Nicholas ‘ blood force per unit area. Nicholas has reduced his emphasis degrees utilizing the methods discussed Long term: Develop a healthy feeding program to utilize one time Nicholas is discharged Refer Nicholas to a dietician to help in educating him in the importance of a healthy diet and developing a program. To cut down weariness related to an unhealthy diet. Nicholas has continued his healthy feeding program and does non endure from weariness. Nursing Diagnosis Goals Interventions Rationale Evaluation Imbalanced nutrition related to deficient cognition of the relationship between diet and the disease Short term: Brace the instabilities of nutrition Provide Nicholas with a scope of fruits and veggies To supply Nicholas with a assortment of foods from a scope of nutrients. Nicholas ‘ diet now chiefly consists of fruit and veggies Short term: To do Nicholas ‘ cognition on the disease Provide Nicholas with information such as booklets about high blood pressure To guarantee Nicholas has a good cognition of high blood pressure Nicholas is now good educated on his disease Long term: To brace Nicholas ‘ weight within 6-8 months of discharge Refer to dietician to measure and supervise his diet and aid with his weight loss To guarantee Nicholas has the support required to run into his end Nicholas is now within a healthy weight scope for his gender, tallness and age Long term: Derive more cognition on the effects of smoke Educate Nicholas on the effects of smoking to his organic structure To guarantee he is cognizant of the harm smoke is making to his organic structure Nicholas is good informed on the effects of smoke Nursing Diagnosis Goals Interventions Rationale Evaluation Non-compliance related to the side effects of the intervention ( Ackley A ; Ladwig, p.315 ) Short term: Maintain stableness of side effects Monitor Nicholas and supply advice when non following instructions of intervention To guarantee Nicholas ‘ intervention continues on the right way. Nicholas ‘ side effects have decreased. Short term: Long term: Long term: Maintain conformity of intervention Educate Nicholas on hazards if intervention non followed as required To guarantee Nicholas ‘ wellness does non deteriorate Nicholas is compliant with his intervention Diagnostic Trials Diagnostic trials that will help with the appraisal and direction of Nicholas include: Electrocardiogram ( ECG ) – This trial determines if the bosom has sustained nay harm due to untreated high blood pressure ( Cardio Connection, n.d ) . This trial assists with the direction of Nicholas ‘ high blood pressure by supplying moving ridges of the electrical current of the bosom. Urinalysis – This trial is used to test the causes of high blood pressure and expression for any harm to the kidneys as a consequence of untreated high blood pressure ( Cardio Connection, n.d ) . The trial assists with the direction to derive information about the wellness of Nicholas ‘ kidneys. Blood Glucose – This trial determines the sugar degrees in the blood and screens for secondary causes of high blood pressure and the hazard factors involved with more accelerated diseases such as diabetes. Both diabetes and high blood pressure are associated with the rapid patterned advance of arterial sclerosis and harm to the kidneys ( Cardio Connection, n.d ) . This assists in keeping a stabile sugar degree of the blood to cut down the hazard of harm to the kidneys. Serum K – This trial looks for a treatable cause of high blood force per unit area and finding the baseline degree prior to utilizing medical specialty for intervention ( Cardio Connection, n.d ) . This assists in finding a baseline to compare to if it were to promote. Hazard Appraisal Upon admittance, a hazard appraisal must be completed to find the patient ‘s hazard of holding a autumn. This appraisal besides assists the nurses in guaranting the patient has their properties or AIDSs within range to guarantee the patient ‘s safety and to diminish their hazard of hurt. The appropriate appraisal tool for Nicholas would be a Falls Risk Assessment Tool ( FRAT ) . This relates to Nicholas as he complained of giddiness and deficiency of slumber. This is needed to measure his hazard of hurt. Mention to Appendix 1 for a Falls Risk Assessment Tool. Medicines Nifedipine – Antihypertensive agent – as stated by Tiziani, 2006 Action: Besides known as Ca adversaries, these agents impede the inflow of Ca ions during depolarization of cardiac and vascular smooth musculus, doing betterment in the myocardial O supply and cardiac end product, and a decrease in myocardial work by cut downing afterload ( Tiziani, 2006 ) Use: Angina pectoris Mild to chair high blood pressure Nicholas has been prescribed this medicine to help with bracing his blood force per unit area. Interactions: Contraindicated with rifampicin May do bosom failure if used with beta-adrenoceptor-blocking agents Serum concentrations may be increased if given with Tagamet, Quinidex or Cardizem. Excessive cardiovascular depression may happen if given with inspiration anesthetics. Adverse effects: Headache, giddiness, dizziness, flushing, weariness, dizziness. Anorexia, sickness, irregularity, abdominal hurting, dry oral cavity. Muscle spasms. Nursing points/precautions: Note and study thorax hurting because thie requires stoping the drug. Patient should be advised to avoid drive or operating machinery if giddiness or dizziness is a job. Caution if used in those with aortal stricture, bosom failure, liver damage, discrepancy or Prinzmental angina, unstable angina, or recent myocardial infarction. Atorvastatin – lipid-regulating agent – as stated by Tiziani, 2006 Action: Reduce cholesterin significantly in patients with type II lipemia and hence besides significantly cut down the hazard of coronary arteria disease Use: Hypercholesterolaemia Nicholas has been prescribed this medicine to take down the entire cholesterin and low-density lipoproteins ( LDL ) Interactions: May addition plasma concentration of Lanoxin, increasing the hazard of toxicity. Caution if used with Tagamet, Aldactone or ketoconazole. Adverse effects: Headache, insomnia. Constipation, flatulency, abdominal hurting, sickness, diarrhea. Back hurting Nursing points/precautions: Liver map trial should be performed before get downing therapy and at 6 and 2 hebdomads, so twice annually. Advise patient to describe any musculus hurting, spasms, tenderness or failing, unease or febrility. Should be withheld if any status occurs that predisposes the patient to rhabdomyolysis, such as injury, sepsis, uncontrolled epilepsy or metabolic, or endocrinal instabilities. How to cite Case Study Of Hypertension Health And Social Care Essay, Free Case study samples

Contemporary Hospitality Issues in Australia †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Contemporary Hospitality Issues in Australia. Answer: Introduction The hospitality sector of the Australia has been growing rapidly with the recent recovery of the economy. In this situation, it is crucial for the hotels to manage the operation cost in a proper way (Cetin et al., 2017). However, due to wasteful practice and high expenses, the profit margin of the hospitality sectors decreases. This is a big concern for the hospitality sectors in the recent years. The hospitality sectors face many unavoidable operation costs such as labor cost, insurance cost, higher energy cost and the brand standards. In order to minimize the operating cost, it is the prime duty of the hospitality sectors to track and manage the cost. This study deals with the operating cost in the hospitality industry and its effect on the business. However, the function of the technology to reduce such cost will be addressed in this section. Discussion Energy cost is a major operating cost in the hospitality sectors. However, energy consumption is increasing in the hospitality sectors due to inappropriate management of the energy saving process. However, a huge proportion of the profitability spends in managing high-energy cost in the hospitality sectors. Heating, cooking, lighting, hot water production, air conditioning, and ventilation are the major causes of high-energy cost in the hospitality sectors (Bokhoree, Balnac Mohee, 2017). However, during the winter season, the heating cost is too high in the hotels, which affects the profitability of such business sectors. High insurance is another big factor that increases the operation cost in the hospitality sectors. However, in order to protect the property, the hospitality sectors establish insurance policy. This insurance policy includes property insurance, staff insurance, and income insurance. However, often the staff claims for their health insurance if the safety is affecte d during their work. In the recent years, the insurance cost is too high that enhances the operation cost. Labor cost is a big factor in the rising operation cost in the hospitality industry. As per the statistical data, the labor cost in Australian hospitality sectors is increased from 32.3% to 34.8% in the year 2009 (Dev, Hamilton Rust, 2017). However, such rising labor cost affects the service of as well as the profitability. Often the hospitality needs to hire expertise from the different countries to enhance their service that is another cause of the rising labor cost. The organization needs to provide payroll related expenses, which is considered as the employee benefit. This cost includes paid time off, retirement plan and mill. Thus, it is difficult for the hotel managers to control such labor cost. Brand standard is another factor of the rising operation cost in the hotels. In order to compete with the other organizations the hospitality industries invest for the brand standard. The hospitality industries try to maintain the luxury standard and to locate their hotels in a crowde d city, which increases their operation cost. In order to provide the luxury service such as food, beverage, banqueting, concierge service and parking the hospitality sectors invest more (King Perry, 2017). As a result, they face the high cost of the brand standard. Electricity is considered as the major utility expense as it comprises 60% of the total expenditure in hospitality sectors (Hospitalitynet.org, 2017). Providing service and water is the largest utility cost includes 23.8%. The service of the hospitality sectors and water supply is associated with the consumption of the fuel and steam. The fuel consumes 10.6% and steam consumes 2.3% of the energy in a hotel industry. For this reason, energy management is necessary and it can be done by taking the energy conservation programs. Different energy conservation programs like avoiding the overheating corridors and the bedrooms. This will be helpful to reduce the operation cost. On the other hand, the hospitality sectors must have good control over the heating process. The hotels need to ensure that the leaking taps are repaired in a proper way and the pipeworks are insulated properly. It is crucial for the hotel to avoid operating the cooling and heating system in a simultaneous process. Ins tallation of the day light sensor also enables the hotels to conserve energy. Moreover, creating awareness among the staffs enables the hospitality sectors to reduce the high-energy cost (Lee, Oh Hsu, 2017). High insurance cost leads the hotels towards the bankruptcy or closure of the industry. The hospitality industries need to accomplish unemployment insurance, medical insurance, disability insurance and business insurance. Apart from this worker compensation is associated with the medical insurance that the hotels need to cover (Hua Yang, 2017). Food-borne illness liability is another insurance that often affects the economy of the hospitality industries. Cyber liability occurs if the breach of information occurs during the management of data. Labor cost is the big part of the hospitality industries that lead the organization to face high operation cost. In the recent years, the labor cost is increasing rapidly, which affects the profit margin of the business. Apart from the labor cost maintenance of the brand standard, also affect the business profitability (Dev, Hamilton, R., Rust, 2017). High energy cost, insurance cost, labor cost and brand standards have both negative and positive impact on the hospitality industries. However, high consumption of energy in the hospitality sectors facilitates the high operation cost. In the recent years, the energy cost has been increasing in the hospitality sectors, which leads to the industry and the business practice to face negative effect. Electricity and the water supply include the major utility cost in the hospitality industry. It has been found that the gas and fuel cause the major utility expenses. In the year 2014, the gas and fuel expenditure is increased up to 5.2% (Hospitalitynet.org, 2017). The high cost of the energy leads the hospitality industry to cut back on the services that affect their business practice. On the other hand, they have to increase the service charge, which may be helpful to manage their profitability. However, often the high price of the service leaves the negative impact on the business as custo mer number begins to decrease due to the high cost of the service. The hotels are considered as the energetic black hole if the energy consumption is not managed properly. However, due to the food safety issue the hospitality industries are not able to cut back the service quality, which is another reason for the price rise (Xu Chi, 2017). Such high price of the energy often leads the business to face huge loss and the hospitality industry compels to close their service. Hospitality sectors often face issues in their operation cost due to high insurance cost. However, for the well-organized hospitality industries, they need to maintain the Healthcare Act. For this reason, the hospitality sectors have to provide staff compensation during any health injury in their work (Tan, 2017). As a result, the employees can claim money for their health injury at any time, which often leads the organization to face difficulties. Hence, the cost of claims is too high for the organization if major injuries occur with the employees. The organization may face legal issues if they are unable to provide the insurance cost. Food borne illness liability is another insurance policy that gives benefits to the customers. However, if the staffs serve contaminated food to the guest they become sick as a result, the organization has to ensure the liability cost that is a big loss for the organization. Premises pollution liability occurs if the guests become sick due airborne po llutants cost (Nicholas Steyn, 2017). This increases the operation cost and affects the brand image of the hospitality sectors. Business insurance is beneficial for the hospitality sectors as it protects the business from any kind of external financial loss, expensive loss and disaster. Cyber liability the hospitality sectors may face legal obstacle due to the breach of guests personal information that often occurs due to the inappropriate data management system (Trustedchoice.com, 2017). Adoption of cyber liability protection resists the hospitality sector to give a penalty for the breach of information. The above insurance policies need to be maintained by the hospitality sectors, which hits their profit margin. The high cost of the labor facilitates the high operation cost in the business. However, in the competitive labor pool, there is the shortage of the skilled labor (Chrisman, Devaraj Patel, 2017). As a result, the labor cost is rising in the business industry. In the context of hospitality industries, they have to provide more salary to the employees in order to retain them. In the recent years, there is a huge competition in the hospitality sectors. An ongoing competition regarding hiring the skilled employees leads the organization to provide high scale salary to reduce the employee turnover. High labor cost harms the profit margin of the business and as it is associated with the increasing of the operation cost. Labor union is another factor of high labor cost as the strike is very common to increase the salary in a business industry. On the other hand, the hospitality sectors have to provide the fringe benefit to the employees excluding their salary (Bloomfield et al., 2017). As for example, medication cost, car service is included in the fringe benefit. These are provided by the organization to make the employees more flexible in their work. These extra charges create difficulties for the organization as if the organization fails to keep these then they face high turnover. On the other hand, to keep these policies the hospitality sectors may face excessive loss in their business. Apart from this, often the hospitality sectors have to provide visa cost to hire skilled employees from the different countries cost (Nicholas Steyn, 2017). However, this may be helpful for the industry to enhance their productivity and improve the service. On the other hand, this includes an additional cost in the operating cost as the immigrants claim a high salary for their work and visa. Brand standard contributes a good proportion of the operation cost. In order to increase the service of the hotel industry, the hospitality sectors invest more in their service (Bridgman, 2017). Therefore, an increased amenity is another reason for the rising operation cost in the hospitality sectors. In order to gain the competitive advantages in the global market, the hospitality sectors try to provide high-quality service, which includes high investment. This enhances the operation cost, however; it improves the brand image of the organization. Due to the increased level of competition in the global market, the hospitality sectors try to make their business unique, which requires more investment in the business. However, the industry faces a negative impact on the high operation cost due to maintain the quality of their service. In order to improve the brand image the organization needs to face the increased level of operation cost. This will enable the hospitality sectors to sati sfy their customers (Bhowmick Prasad, 2017). However, often to maintain the quality service the hospitality sectors lead to close their business due to a huge loss. They need to increase their service cost, which may decrease the number of customers. As a result, the entire profitability is decreased. Technology plays an important role in reducing the operation cost in the business. However, automation process reduces the operation cost by replacing the manual handling process (Whitaker, Ekman Thompson, 2017). Investment of green technology is helpful for the hospitality sectors to reduce the energy cost. They can use renewable energy sources to reduce the use of natural gas. Therefore, use of CFL and LED light are the gifts of new technology that is effective to reduce the energy consumption and high energy cost in the hospitality sectors (Nicholas Steyn, 2017). On the other hand, using automation process the labor cost can be reduced in the hospitality sectors. Use of modern technology such as technologically advanced equipment the work can be done within less time and by using fewer workforces. Conclusion The above piece of work reveals the different reasons of increasing operation cost in the business. However, labor cost, high insurance cost, business standard cost and the high cost of energy are the major reasons of the rising operation cost. However, the high cost of the energy is a big barrier of the hospitality industries as it hits the profit margin. On the other hand, the hospitality industry needs to hire the skilled employee from the foreign country this is another factor of high operation cost in the business. On the other hand, by using modern technology like automation process such operation cost especially the energy and labor cost can be reduced. References Bhowmick, A., Prasad, C. G. (2017). Time and Cost optimization by Grid Computing over Existing Traditional IT Systems in Business Environment.International Journal,5(3). Bloomfield, M. J., Brggemann, U., Christensen, H. B., Leuz, C. (2017). The Effect of Regulatory Harmonization on Cross?Border Labor Migration: Evidence from the Accounting Profession.Journal of Accounting Research,55(1), 35-78. Bokhoree, C., Balnac, K., Mohee, R. (2017). Evaluating and Forecasting Future Energy Consumption Patterns for a Sustainable Hotel Sector in Mauritius.JOURNAL ofENVIRONMENTAL, 129. Bridgman, B. (2017). Is labor's loss capital's gain? Gross versus net labor shares.Macroeconomic Dynamics, 1-18. Cetin, G., Alrawadieh, Z., Dincer, M. Z., Istanbullu Dincer, F., Ioannides, D. (2017). Willingness to Pay for Tourist Tax in Destinations: Empirical Evidence from Istanbul.Economies,5(2), 21. Chrisman, J. J., Devaraj, S., Patel, P. C. (2017). The impact of incentive compensation on labor productivity in family and nonfamily firms.Family Business Review,30(2), 119-136. Dev, C., Hamilton, R., Rust, R. (2017). Hotel Brand Standards: How to Pick the Right Amenities for Your Property. Dev, C., Hamilton, R., Rust, R. (2017). Hotel Brand Standards: How to Pick the Right Amenities for Your Property. Hospitalitynet.org. (2017). Consumption and Pricing Influence Hotel Utility Costs. Retrieved 9 November 2017, from https://www.hospitalitynet.org/opinion/4071456.html Hua, N., Yang, Y. (2017). Systematic effects of crime on hotel operating performance.Tourism Management,60, 257-269. King, J., Perry, C. (2017). Smart Buildings: Using Smart Technology to Save Energy in Existing Buildings. Lee, S., Oh, H., Hsu, C. H. (2017). Country-of-operation and brand images: evidence from the Chinese hotel industry.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,29(7). Nicholas, J. M., Steyn, H. (2017).Project management for engineering, business and technology. Taylor Francis. Tan, Y. (2017). Hotel-Specific, Industry-Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Profitability in London Hotel Industry: Structure-Conduct-Performance or Efficient-Structure Hypothesis?. Trustedchoice.com. (2017).Hotels are Targets for Lawsuits - Protect Yourself. Retrieved 9 November 2017, from https://www.trustedchoice.com/business-insurance/industry-types/hotel-motel/ Whitaker, J., Ekman, P., Thompson, S. (2017). How multinational corporations use information technology to manage global operations.Journal of Computer Information Systems,57(2), 112-122. Xu, X., Chi, C. G. Q. (2017). Examining Operating Efficiency of US Hotels: A Window Data Envelopment Analysis Approach.Journal ofHospitality Marketing Management, 45-100.